What is a virus in the context of computer security?

In the context of computer security, a virus refers to an executable file that, once activated, replicates itself and can spread to other programs or files within the system or across networks. Viruses often attach themselves to legitimate software, which allows them to be executed when the host program is run, enabling the virus to propagate further.

The process involves copying the virus code and inserting it into other files or programs, which can lead to various harmful effects, including data corruption, unauthorized access, or performance degradation of the infected system. This self-replication capability is what distinguishes viruses from other types of malware; they do not just infect but also spread autonomously, making them a significant threat to computer security.

The nature of how viruses operate is crucial for understanding cybersecurity measures, as recognizing the signs of infection and the propagation mechanisms helps in taking appropriate remedial actions. Knowing how viruses function can provide insight into the importance of antivirus software and regular system updates to thwart potential infections.