In the context of security, what does encryption specifically refer to?

Encryption specifically refers to the method of converting readable information into an unreadable format. This transformation ensures that only authorized parties with the correct decryption keys can access the original information. The primary goal of encryption is to protect the confidentiality of data, making it difficult for unauthorized individuals to understand even if they manage to access it.

While other practices such as decoding messages or ensuring data integrity are important aspects of data security, they do not define what encryption is. Monitoring data integrity focuses on ensuring that the data remains unaltered during storage or transmission, while secure data transfer can include various methods beyond just encryption, such as using secure protocols. Therefore, choosing the option that describes the conversion of readable information into an unreadable format accurately captures the essence of what encryption is meant to achieve.